Incubation means placing a sample in a temperature-controlled chamber for the application to grow. Standard natural and forced convection incubators are mainly used for microbiology. For cell culturing, CO2 incubators are used, where also other parameters are controlled like the CO2 concentration, humidity, and sometime the O2 concentration. For lab scale fermentation applications in general shaking incubators are used. Shaking incubators create a mechanical movement within a controlled environment
